Description
The Boeing B-17 ‘Flying Fortress’ was one
of the U.S.A.’s main four-engine heavy bombers, operating alongside the B-24
Liberator, and the later B-29 Superfortress, in all theatres of World War 2.
It’s a fact that the B-17 almost never saw its place in history and the defeat
of Nazi Germany, as the prototype, known as Model 299, crashed due to pilot
error during its evaluation in October 1935. Thankfully, the design had shown
such promise during the testing phase, in fact, far exceeding the requirements
of the original specification, that further prototypes were ordered despite
Boeing losing the original contract with the United States Army Air Corps. It
was this further evaluation that saw the type enter active service in 1938. The
actual name ‘Flying Fortress’ was coined by a newspaper hack who witnessed a
roll-out of the machine, bristling with guns and turrets, and Boeing realised
that this was the sort of propaganda they needed, and trademarked the name.
After the initial prototypes, serial production of the B-17 began with the
B-17B variant, and underwent a major revision with the introduction of the ‘E’.
This type featured a substantially redesigned tail and fillet that featured
throughout subsequent versions, giving the B-17 its iconic profile. An extra
10ft of length was added to the fuselage. Other refinements included the
addition of a tail and dorsal turret, and the addition of a Bendix turret to
replace the fixed bathtub type that had graced previous versions. This was
found to be disappointing, and was eventually replaced with the Sperry ball
turret that became a permanent feature of all future marques.
Boeing’s ‘G’ incarnation of the Fort, was perhaps the most significant of all types built, and of course, numerous ‘F’ version modifications were carried over, such as the remotely operated Bendix chin turret that was introduced in the late block series of the ‘F’. Differences between the ‘G’ version and the previous main production ‘F’ type were the positions of the nose cheek guns to accommodate the remote yolk for the Bendix turret operation, and for late block production of the ‘G’, the introduction of the Cheyenne tail gunner position which offered a reflector gun sight and much improved field of fire. Unlike the early production blocks of the ‘G’, the later production blocks introduced staggered waist gun positions for the flexible-mount .50-cal machine guns.
The B-17G was powered by 4 × Wright
R-1820-97 “Cyclone” 1200hp turbocharged radial engines that were constantly
uprated over the service life of the B-17, and it also carried 13 x .50cal M2
Browning machine guns. A typical long-range mission would see the B-17G carry
around 4,500lbs of bombs. Wingspan was 103ft 9in, with a length of 74ft 4in. A
crew of 10 was typically carried by all variants of the B-17G.
